3) National greenhouse gas data system
Public and private sectors will be required to collect and report emissions, carbon sinks, and net reductions. A national greenhouse gas registry will be established to ensure transparency.
4) National emissions reduction plan
The Act requires a national master plan and action plans to ensure unified climate targets across all ministries and agencies, with short-, medium-, and long-term emission reduction pathways.
5) Emissions Trading System (ETS)
The law lays the foundation for a Thai ETS, enabling businesses to buy, sell, transfer, and hold allowances for greenhouse gas emissions. A national registry and allocation rules will govern the system.
6) Cross-Border Carbon Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)
The Act accommodates CBAM measures, meaning imported goods may face carbon charges based on emissions from their countries of origin — aligning Thailand with emerging international standards. (Details will follow in secondary legislation.)
7) Carbon tax for high-emission sectors
The draft law introduces a carbon tax for products or activities with significant emissions — a key instrument enforcing the polluter pays principle.
8) Carbon credits recognised as legal “assets”
Certified domestic carbon credits will be recognised as legal property. They can be bought, sold, transferred, or used to offset emissions, with mandatory registration under the Greenhouse Gas Management Organisation.
9) Climate adaptation planning
Beyond mitigation, the Act requires national, provincial, and local adaptation plans to address climate risks such as floods, droughts, and extreme weather, supported by government resources.