Many Ukrainians in Poland are looking for a way to settle in the country after their temporary protection expires and are considering starting their own business as a way to legalise their status. But does registering a JDG really lead to a residence permit, or is it just the first step in a more complicated procedure? Find out if a JDG will help you transition from UKR status to a residence card in 2026
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In 2026, many Ukrainians in Poland are preparing for changes to the temporary protection regime. One of the most discussed issues is whether it is possible to switch from UKR status to a residence permit thanks to one’s own business. Most often, this refers to the registration of a JDG (Jednoosobowa Działalność Gospodarcza) — the Polish equivalent of an individual entrepreneur.
With reference to Relocate, we explain whether entrepreneurship really helps to legalise one’s status and what conditions will be decisive for the visa.
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What is JDG and why is everyone talking about it?
JDG is an individual entrepreneurial activity in Poland.
It is suitable for freelancers, IT specialists, beauty professionals, consultants, online traders, and many service professions.
The main reason for its popularity is the ease of start-up: registration is free, takes one day, does not require authorised capital, and gives the right to officially earn money in Poland.
But it is important to understand that JDG is not a residence permit and does not automatically legalise your status.
It is only a basis on which you can apply for a residence card.
Who can open a JDG in 2026
Ukrainians can register a business if they are in the country legally:
▪️ with UKR status
▪️ with a visa
▪️ with a residence card
▪️ with visa-free travel (subject to registration conditions)
A mandatory requirement is a PESEL number.
After 4 March 2026, the rules of stay may change, so business becomes one of the ways to transition to long-term stay.
How to open a JDG: a brief overview of the procedure
Registration takes place through CEIDG — online or at the office.
After submitting the application, the following are automatically assigned:
▪️ NIP (tax number)
▪️ REGON (statistical number)
Next, the entrepreneur chooses a taxation system and registers with ZUS.
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How much will an entrepreneur pay in 2026
Contributions depend on the duration of the business.
First months
Ulga na start benefit — only medical insurance is paid, approximately 380–400 zł.
The next 2 years
Preferencyjny ZUS — about 1300–1400 zł.
After the benefits
Full ZUS — approximately 1800–2100 zł (depending on income).
VAT registration is mandatory if the turnover exceeds 240,000 zł per year.
Will JDG help you obtain a residence permit
Key point: the mere fact of starting a business does not guarantee anything. The immigration office checks not the registration, but the actual activity.
The following is assessed:
▪️ whether there are clients and contracts
▪️ regular inflows to the account
▪️ compliance of activities with PKD codes
▪️ actual place of business
▪️ absence of debts to ZUS and the tax office
▪️ income not lower than the minimum wage
▪️ availability of housing and insurance
If the JDG exists only ‘on paper’, the residence card will be denied.
What is considered proof of a real business
In practice, the migration authorities pay attention to stability:
regular invoices, bank statements, PIT declarations, confirmed expenses and regular income.
A one-time large payment is not considered proof of financial independence.
Discipline is also important — late payments of taxes or contributions are often the reason for refusal.
Get professional advice and prepare for the changes without stress!
Reminder! Job hunting in Poland for Ukrainians often involves legal nuances and hidden risks that are not always obvious from the outset. Incorrectly completed documents or questionable conditions can lead to financial losses and problems with protecting employee rights. Learn more about the key points to consider before looking for a job in Poland.
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