Social media users tend to face more political hostility in less democratic and more unequal countries (like the US). People who act hostile online also act hostile in offline face-to-face conversations. Digital aggression is not simply a product of internet anonymity or platform algorithms.

Social media users tend to face more political hostility in less democratic and more unequal countries (like the US). People who act hostile online also act hostile in offline face-to-face conversations. Digital aggression is not simply a product of internet anonymity or platform algorithms.

Social media users tend to face more political hostility in less democratic and more unequal countries