Quantum computing is entering a critical phase of development, with multiple hardware platforms advancing in parallel toward scalable, fault-tolerant systems; continued progress in qubit coherence, error correction, and system integration combined with growing industry investment and cross-disciplinary collaboration suggests that practical quantum advantage may emerge incrementally over the coming decade, even as significant technical and economic challenges remain.
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**Submission Statement**
Quantum computing is entering a critical phase of development, with multiple hardware platforms advancing in parallel toward scalable, fault-tolerant systems; continued progress in qubit coherence, error correction, and system integration combined with growing industry investment and cross-disciplinary collaboration suggests that practical quantum advantage may emerge incrementally over the coming decade, even as significant technical and economic challenges remain.