
- The Goyturk state – founded by the ancient Turks under the leadership of Bumin Khagan in the Altai plains
- The Turkic state was founded by Uç Elig Khan in the Kazakh-Kyrgyz steppes
- The Turkic Shahi state – Shah Barha Tekin in present-day Afghanistan was founded by uniting with the Turkic-Ephthalite tribes.
- Araz Turkish Republic – Nakhchivan-Igdir founded one of the first democratic Turkish-Islamic states under the leadership of Amir Bey Narimanbeyov, a bright intellectual of Azerbaijani Turks.
- Republic of Turkey – Turkish state established under the leadership of Gazi Mustafa Kemal
- Eastern Turkestan Islamic State – a modern Uighur state founded under the leadership of Khoja Niyaz
- East Turkestan Republic – a socialist state founded by the Uyghurs under the leadership of Uzbek Alikhan Tore during World War II.
- Turkestan Soviet Republic – a state that included the lands of Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan during the transition to socialism
- Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus – a state established by the struggle of the Turkish nation on the island of Cyprus and covering the northern lands
- Turkmenistan is the youngest state that gained its independence in 1991
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Posted by AzerbaijanLeon
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